【英文摘要】 Mao Zedong proposed to do away with bourgeois rights and personally lanuched discussions thereon during the movements of “Great Leap Forwad”and people's communes in 1958. The discussions were unfolded around problems such as the relationships between distribution according to work and bourgeois rights, and the nature and manifestations of the remnants of bourgeois rights. With the gradual awareness and correction of the mistakes in the movements of “Great Leap Forward”and people's communes the discussions did not continue to develop in depth. Doing away with bourgeois rigths was ome way by which Mao Zedong sought to realize the ideal society in his mind. It profound impacts on the social regths was one way by which Mao Zedong sought to realize the ideal society in his mind. It profound impacts on the social development in China.